Pedersen G, Hansen J B, Jensen S
Aalborg Sygehus Syd, medicinsk-haematologisk afdeling B.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1993 Nov 29;155(48):3897-900.
Human Parvovirus B19 (B19-virus) is the most frequent cause of aplastic crisis in patients with underlying hereditary haemolytic anaemia. B19-virus interrupts erythropoiesis by lytic damage of erythroid precursors in the bone marrow. Patients with hereditary haemolytic anaemia have a shortened red cell life span and a compensatory increased activity of the erythroid precursors in the bone marrow. Temporary interruption of erythropoiesis leads to a precipitous fall in haematocrit and absence of reticulocytes in the circulation. The symptoms of the illness are anaemia and fever. The treatment is red cell transfusion. The infection is diagnosed either by direct demonstration of B19-virus-DNA or by demonstration of specific IgM-antibodies to B19-virus. The natural infectivity of B19-virus is high, and infection is presumably followed by lasting immunity. Because the infectivity of cases of aplastic crisis caused by B19-virus is especially high, control guidelines are necessary for pregnant seronegative staff. A review of the literature is presented.
人类细小病毒B19（B19病毒）是潜在遗传性溶血性贫血患者再生障碍性危象最常见的病因。B19病毒通过骨髓中红系前体细胞的溶解性损伤来中断红细胞生成。遗传性溶血性贫血患者的红细胞寿命缩短，骨髓中红系前体细胞的活性代偿性增加。红细胞生成的暂时中断会导致血细胞比容急剧下降，循环中出现网织红细胞缺乏。该病的症状为贫血和发热。治疗方法是输注红细胞。通过直接检测B19病毒DNA或检测针对B19病毒的特异性IgM抗体来诊断感染。B19病毒的自然传染性很高，感染后可能会产生持久免疫力。由于B19病毒引起的再生障碍性危象病例的传染性特别高，因此对血清学阴性的怀孕工作人员有必要制定防控指南。本文对相关文献进行了综述。
