Kumar K V, Waligora J M, Powell M R
KRUG Life Sciences, Houston, TX 77058.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1993 Nov;64(11):1032-9.
Several ground-based trials were conducted by NASA at the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, during 1982-90 to examine the risk of altitude decompression sickness (DCS) during space extravehicular activities. There were 22 different pressure profiles involving single and staged decompression procedures, each lasting from 180 to 360 min at the final altitude. A total of 164 healthy subjects participated in 426 exposures to altitude. Symptoms of DCS occurred in 17% (74/426) and circulating microbubbles by precordial Doppler ultrasound were detected in 42% (179/426) of all exposures. About 27% (20/74) of exposures with symptoms resulted in test abort, and one-third of all test aborts required treatment in the hyperbaric chamber. There was about 3.20 times (95% Confidence Interval [95% CI] = 1.56-6.66) higher risk of symptoms in the presence of Doppler-detectable microbubbles. Examination of individual risk factors showed that there was about 4.3 times (95% CI = 1.62-11.50) higher risk of symptoms with increasing number of exposures. These findings emphasize the importance of evaluating risk factors from ground-based trials for application in operational decision-making and treatment strategies.
1982年至1990年期间，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）在得克萨斯州休斯顿的林登·B·约翰逊航天中心进行了多项地面试验，以研究太空舱外活动期间高空减压病（DCS）的风险。共有22种不同的压力剖面，涉及单次和分段减压程序，在最终高度下每次持续180至360分钟。共有164名健康受试者参与了426次高空暴露试验。DCS症状出现在17%（74/426）的试验中，通过胸前区多普勒超声检测到循环微气泡的情况出现在42%（179/426）的试验中。出现症状的试验中约27%（20/74）导致试验中止，所有试验中止中有三分之一需要在高压舱中进行治疗。在存在多普勒可检测微气泡的情况下，出现症状的风险约高3.20倍（95%置信区间[95%CI]=1.56 - 6.66）。对个体风险因素的检查表明，随着暴露次数增加，出现症状的风险约高4.3倍（95%CI = 1.62 - 11.50）。这些发现强调了评估地面试验中的风险因素对于应用于操作决策和治疗策略的重要性。
