Surgical options in chronic pancreatitis.

Chronic pancreatitis is primarily a medical disease but surgery is indicated to treat complications, rule out malignancy, and ameliorate intractable pain. The ideal operation for chronic pancreatitis would relieve this pain while preserving exocrine and endocrine function. No one procedure achieves these goals in all patients so surgeons must tailor their operations to individual patient needs. In patients with a dilated pancreatic duct, complete ductal decompression with a lateral pancreaticojejunostomy is usually indicated. Pancreatic resection is useful in patients with localized disease, nondialated ducts, or in whom cancer cannot be ruled out. More rigorous documentation of the type and outcome of therapeutic interventions for chronic pancreatitis and the patient populations to whom they are applied is needed. Subjective measurements must be replaced by objective findings so that the true benefits of these procedures can be better assessed and compared.