大鼠在食物强化的比率和间隔程序期间的日程诱导排便。
Schedule-induced defecation by rats during ratio and interval schedules of food reinforcement.
作者信息
Wylie A M, Layng M P, Meyer K A
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu 96822.
出版信息
J Exp Anal Behav. 1993 Nov;60(3):611-20. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1993.60-611.
Lever pressing in rats was maintained by continuous and intermittent schedules of food while defecation was monitored. In Experiment 1, reinforcement densities were matched across variable-ratio and variable-interval schedules for three pairs of rats. Defecation occurred in all 3 rats on the variable-ratio schedule and in all 3 rats on the yoked variable-interval schedule. In Experiment 2, fixed-ratio and fixed-interval schedules with similar reinforcement densities maintained lever pressing. Defecation occurred in 3 of 4 rats on the fixed-ratio schedule and in 4 of 4 rats on the fixed-interval schedule. Almost no defecation occurred during continuous reinforcement in either experiment. These results demonstrate that defecation may occur during both ratio and interval schedules and that the inter-reinforcement interval is more important than the behavioral requirements of the schedule in generating schedule-induced defecation.
在监测大鼠排便情况的同时，通过连续和间歇的食物投喂计划来维持大鼠的压杆行为。在实验1中，为三组大鼠在可变比率和可变间隔计划中匹配强化密度。在可变比率计划中的所有3只大鼠以及在匹配的可变间隔计划中的所有3只大鼠都出现了排便。在实验2中，具有相似强化密度的固定比率和固定间隔计划维持了压杆行为。在固定比率计划中的4只大鼠中有3只出现了排便，在固定间隔计划中的4只大鼠全部出现了排便。在两个实验的连续强化过程中几乎都没有出现排便。这些结果表明，在比率和间隔计划中都可能出现排便，并且在产生由计划诱导的排便方面，强化间隔比计划的行为要求更重要。
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