de Carvalho Lucas Couto, Dos Santos Letícia, Regaço Alceu, Barbosa Thiago Braga, da Silva Rafael Fernando, de Souza Deisy das Graças, Sandaker Ingunn
Oslo Metropolitan University.
Universidade Federal de São Carlos.
J Exp Anal Behav. 2018 Jul;110(1):105-126. doi: 10.1002/jeab.457. Epub 2018 Jun 29.
The present study investigated the effects of fixed-ratio (FR) and variable-ratio (VR) reinforcement schedules on patterns of cooperative responding in pairs of rats. Experiment 1 arranged FR 1, FR 10, and VR 10 schedules to establish cooperative responding (water delivery depended on the joint responding of two rats). Cooperative response rates and proportions were higher under intermittent schedules than under continuous reinforcement. The FR 10 schedule generated a break-and-run pattern, whereas the VR 10 schedule generated a relatively high and constant rate pattern. Experiment 2 evaluated the effects of parametric manipulations of FR and VR schedules on cooperative responding. Rates and proportions of cooperative responding generally increased between ratio sizes of 1 and 5 but showed no consistent trend as the ratio increased from 5 to 10. Experiment 3 contrasted cooperative responding between an FR6 schedule and a yoked control schedule. Coordinated behavior occurred at a higher rate under the former schedule. The present study showed that external consequences and the schedules under which the delivery of these consequences are based, select patterns of coordinated behavior.
本研究调查了固定比率（FR）和可变比率（VR）强化程序对大鼠对之间合作反应模式的影响。实验1安排了FR 1、FR 10和VR 10程序来建立合作反应（水的供应取决于两只大鼠的联合反应）。间歇程序下的合作反应率和比例高于连续强化下的反应率和比例。FR 10程序产生了一种间断-奔跑模式，而VR 10程序产生了一种相对较高且稳定的反应率模式。实验2评估了FR和VR程序的参数操作对合作反应的影响。合作反应的比率和比例在比率大小为1至5时通常会增加，但当比率从5增加到10时没有呈现出一致的趋势。实验3对比了FR6程序和配对控制程序之间的合作反应。在前一种程序下，协调行为出现的频率更高。本研究表明，外部结果以及基于这些结果的强化程序会选择协调行为的模式。
