Bux D A, Iguchi M Y, Lidz V, Baxter R C, Platt J J
Department of Mental Health Sciences, Hahnemann University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102.
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1993 Nov;44(11):1066-72. doi: 10.1176/ps.44.11.1066.
The purpose of the study was to identify characteristics of injection-drug users that predicted whether subjects would redeem a coupon for free methadone detoxification and to determine whether they were more likely to participate in a 90-day detoxification program than in a 21-day program.
A total of 4,390 current heroin users recruited through street-based outreach programs in Newark and Jersey City, New Jersey, accepted coupons for either 21 or 90 days (randomly determined) of methadone detoxification after they were interviewed about drug use and sexual behavior. Subjects also gave blood samples for HIV testing. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine variables associated with coupon redemption.
Of 4,390 coupons distributed, 58.5 percent were redeemed; the 90-day coupons were redeemed at a significantly higher rate (59.9 percent) than the 21-day coupons (56.9 percent). Among coupon redeemers, 43.6 percent had never received formal drug treatment, and 44.9 percent were HIV seropositive. Frequent heroin use, previous drug detoxification, frequent drug injection, cleaning needles with bleach, nonblack race, Hispanic ethnicity, and Newark residence each significantly predicted coupon redemption.
Outreach-based coupon distribution may be used to recruit large numbers of never-treated and HIV-infected drug users into treatment. The 90-day coupon was more effective in facilitating treatment entry.
本研究旨在确定注射吸毒者的特征，以预测受试者是否会兑换免费美沙酮戒毒优惠券，并确定他们参加90天戒毒项目的可能性是否高于参加21天项目的可能性。
通过新泽西州纽瓦克市和泽西城的街头外展项目招募了4390名当前海洛因使用者，在他们接受关于吸毒和性行为的访谈后，接受了21天或90天（随机确定）美沙酮戒毒的优惠券。受试者还提供血样进行艾滋病毒检测。采用多元回归分析来确定与优惠券兑换相关的变量。
在分发的4390张优惠券中，58.5%被兑换；90天优惠券的兑换率（59.9%）显著高于21天优惠券（56.9%）。在兑换优惠券的人中，43.6%从未接受过正规药物治疗，44.9%艾滋病毒血清呈阳性。频繁使用海洛因、以前接受过药物戒毒、频繁注射毒品、用漂白剂清洁针头、非黑人种族、西班牙裔以及居住在纽瓦克市均显著预测了优惠券的兑换。
基于外展的优惠券分发可用于招募大量未接受过治疗和感染艾滋病毒的吸毒者接受治疗。90天优惠券在促进治疗进入方面更有效。
