Zhan Y, Kelso A, Cheers C
Department of Microbiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Immunology. 1993 Nov;80(3):458-64.
In order to induce acquired cellular resistance (ACR) to facultative intracellular bacterial pathogens, infection with live organisms is required. It is possible that different cytokine responses to live bacteria or their extracted antigens could account for their different abilities to induce ACR. Therefore, mice were infected with live attenuated Brucella abortus vaccine strain 19, and their ability to produce cytokines, both in vivo and in vitro, was investigated over 12 weeks of infection. This was compared with the response to injection of soluble brucella proteins (SBP). During infection, serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) were markedly increased over a period of 4 weeks during the peak of infection. SBP plus adjuvant induced a transient increase in serum IL-6. IL-1 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) remained undetectable in both instances. Spleen cells taken at intervals after infection and cultured with brucella antigens produced high titres of IL-6, IL-1 and TNF-alpha. Immunization with SBP was less efficient than live infection at inducing these cytokines. Of the characteristically T-cell-derived lymphokines, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production rose 2 weeks after infection, peaking at 6 weeks, while IL-2 was not detected until 6 weeks post-infection. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was produced in substantial amounts, but IL-3 production was minimal. In contrast, spleen cells from mice immunized with SBP produced IL-2 but failed to produce IFN-gamma. The implications of these results for the induction of ACR are discussed.
为了诱导对兼性胞内细菌病原体的获得性细胞抗性（ACR），需要用活生物体进行感染。对活细菌或其提取抗原的不同细胞因子反应可能解释它们诱导ACR的不同能力。因此，用减毒活布鲁氏菌疫苗株19感染小鼠，并在感染的12周内研究其体内和体外产生细胞因子的能力。将此与注射可溶性布鲁氏菌蛋白（SBP）的反应进行比较。在感染期间，血清白细胞介素-6（IL-6）水平在感染高峰期的4周内显著升高。SBP加佐剂诱导血清IL-6短暂升高。在这两种情况下均未检测到IL-1和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）。感染后间隔取材的脾细胞与布鲁氏菌抗原一起培养可产生高滴度的IL-6、IL-1和TNF-α。用SBP免疫诱导这些细胞因子的效率低于活感染。在典型的T细胞衍生的淋巴因子中，干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）在感染后2周升高，在6周达到峰值，而IL-2直到感染后6周才检测到。大量产生粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF），但IL-3产生极少。相反，用SBP免疫的小鼠的脾细胞产生IL-2，但未能产生IFN-γ。讨论了这些结果对诱导ACR的意义。
