[Efficacy of smoking prevention campaign in adolescents: critical review of the literature].

This review is intended to assist those interested in smoking prevention in young people in choosing the most efficient and cost-effective methods. The importance of a critical analysis of the abundant literature available on the topic before implementing a new programme is stressed. In view of the present knowledge, preventive methods should start at age 12 and extend up to age 18 through actualizing sessions. The most promising programme should include learning to resist to social pressures and a cognitive and developmental approach which anchor smoking prevention in the psychological evolution of the adolescent. Training of peers being disproportionate in regard to what can be expected from their intervention, one key element is the teacher's training in the technique of changing behaviour. Evaluation of methodology and of long term results should belong to any programme.