Suenderhauf U, Kayser F H, Waespe B
Microbios. 1976;17(70):221-30.
A survey of the occurrence of resistance to gentamicin in clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacteria revealed a 3-fold increase in the percentage of resistant strains between 1974 (4%), and 1976 (12%). Gentamicin resistance was mainly found in isolates from hospitalized patients. Serratia (35--78%), Proteus inconstans (53--62%), Klebsiella (6--21%), Acinetobacter (9--17%) and Pseudomonas (9--14%) exhibited the highest percentage of resistance to this drug. Gentamicin inactivating enzymes were detected in 16 selected resistant isolates. Of these, ten strains (Klebsiella, Serratia, Pseudomonas, E. coli) produced the aminoglycoside 2''-adenylyltransferase, five (Proteus, indole-positive) the aminoglycoside 2'-N-acetyltransferase and one isolate (Proteus mirabilis) the aminoglycoside 3-N-acetyltransferase. Eight of the 16 strains were able to transfer gentamicin resistance and certain other resistance markers to appropriate receptor strains during mixed cultivation, indicating the presence of transferable plasmid-mediated resistance.
一项关于革兰氏阴性菌临床分离株对庆大霉素耐药性发生情况的调查显示，1974年（4%）至1976年（12%）期间，耐药菌株的百分比增加了3倍。庆大霉素耐药性主要见于住院患者的分离株。沙雷氏菌（35%-78%）、变形杆菌（53%-62%）、克雷伯氏菌（6%-21%）、不动杆菌（9%-17%）和假单胞菌（9%-14%）对该药物的耐药率最高。在16株选定的耐药分离株中检测到庆大霉素失活酶。其中，10株菌株（克雷伯氏菌、沙雷氏菌、假单胞菌、大肠杆菌）产生氨基糖苷2''-腺苷转移酶，5株（吲哚阳性变形杆菌）产生氨基糖苷2'-N-乙酰转移酶，1株分离株（奇异变形杆菌）产生氨基糖苷3-N-乙酰转移酶。16株菌株中有8株能够在混合培养期间将庆大霉素耐药性及某些其他耐药标记转移至合适的受体菌株，表明存在可转移的质粒介导耐药性。
