Pivnick A, Jacobson A, Eric K, Doll L, Drucker E
Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY.
Am J Public Health. 1994 Feb;84(2):271-4. doi: 10.2105/ajph.84.2.271.
Drug use is commonly depicted and treated as an individual problem. This study describes the extent of drug use, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among drug users' sexual partners and family and household members in order to broaden considerations of risk.
Social network charts and structured interviews were administered to 126 women (predominantly African American and Latino) enrolled in methadone treatment. The charts elicited the prevalence of drug use and HIV infection among subjects' family and household members.
Drug use and HIV/AIDS permeated subjects' sexual, familial, and household relationships. More than half of the women who resided with a sexual partner reported that their partners currently used drugs. Almost one third of the subjects' siblings were drug users. Of the 715 total siblings (all subjects plus their siblings), 69 (9.7%) were known to be HIV positive or to have an AIDS diagnosis.
The sexual, familial, and household expressions of drug use underscore the notion that drug use and attendant risks, including but not limited to HIV infection, might be usefully viewed and treated as an inter- and intracommunity problem rather than as an exclusively individual one.
药物使用通常被描述并当作个人问题来对待。本研究描述了吸毒者的性伴侣以及家人和家庭成员中药物使用、人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染及获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）的情况，以拓宽对风险的考量。
对126名接受美沙酮治疗的女性（主要是非裔美国人和拉丁裔）进行了社交网络图绘制和结构化访谈。这些图表得出了受试者家人和家庭成员中药物使用及HIV感染的患病率。
药物使用以及HIV/AIDS在受试者的性、家庭及家庭关系中普遍存在。与性伴侣同住的女性中，超过半数报告称其伴侣目前在吸毒。受试者的兄弟姐妹中近三分之一是吸毒者。在总共715名兄弟姐妹（所有受试者及其兄弟姐妹）中，已知69人（9.7%）HIV呈阳性或被诊断患有AIDS。
药物使用在性、家庭及家庭方面的表现突出了这样一种观念，即药物使用及相关风险，包括但不限于HIV感染，可能被有益地视为社区间和社区内的问题，而非仅仅是个人问题。
