Li R, Chen X C, Yan H C, Deurenberg P, Garby L, Hautvast J G
Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Beijing.
Br J Nutr. 1993 Nov;70(3):787-96. doi: 10.1079/bjn19930174.
The present study investigates the prevalence and type of anaemia in Chinese female cotton mill workers. The prevalence of anaemia is reported in 447 non-pregnant female workers aged between 19 and 45 years. The mean value for haemoglobin (Hb) was 123 (SD 15) g/l and 150 of the total 447 subjects had Hb values below 120 g/l; thus 34% of the population was anaemic according to World Health Organization (WHO, 1975) criteria. The mean value for free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP) was 419 (SD 215) micrograms/l; 55% of the total population had FEP values higher than 350 micrograms/l and 72% among the anaemic subjects. Serum ferritin (SF) was tested in all the women with a Hb value less than 120 g/l and 71% of them had SF values below 12.0 micrograms/l. Eighty women diagnosed as either Fe deficient or with Fe-deficient anaemia were selected for a diagnostic supplementation trial. They were randomly assigned to FeSO4 (60 or 120 mg Fe/d) or placebo treatment for 12 weeks. Fe supplementation increased mean Hb values from 114 to 127 g/l (P < 0.001) and SF levels from 9.7 to 30.0 micrograms/l (P < 0.001), and decreased mean FEP values from 570 to 277 micrograms/l (P < 0.001). The response rate of Hb in the whole Fe-treated group or Fe-treated subjects with an Hb level less than 120 g/l was 90% or 92% respectively. These findings indicate that the type of anaemia in this population was mainly Fe deficiency. It was also found that in this population the severity of anaemia, not the prevalence, was significantly related to the use of intra-uterine devices (IUD).
本研究调查了中国女性棉纺织厂工人贫血的患病率及类型。报告了447名年龄在19至45岁之间的非妊娠女性工人的贫血患病率。血红蛋白（Hb）的平均值为123（标准差15）g/l，447名受试者中有150人的Hb值低于120 g/l；因此，根据世界卫生组织（WHO，1975年）的标准，34%的人群患有贫血。游离红细胞原卟啉（FEP）的平均值为419（标准差215）微克/升；55%的人群FEP值高于350微克/升，贫血受试者中这一比例为72%。对所有Hb值低于120 g/l的女性进行了血清铁蛋白（SF）检测，其中71%的人SF值低于12.0微克/升。选取80名被诊断为缺铁或缺铁性贫血的女性进行诊断性补充试验。她们被随机分配接受硫酸亚铁（60或120毫克铁/天）或安慰剂治疗12周。补充铁剂使平均Hb值从114 g/l升至127 g/l（P<0.001），SF水平从9.7微克/升升至30.0微克/升（P<0.001），平均FEP值从570微克/升降至277微克/升（P<0.001）。整个铁剂治疗组或Hb水平低于120 g/l的铁剂治疗受试者中Hb的反应率分别为90%或92%。这些发现表明该人群中的贫血类型主要是缺铁性贫血。还发现，在该人群中，贫血的严重程度而非患病率与宫内节育器（IUD）的使用显著相关。
