Leyh T S
Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461.
Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 1993;28(6):515-42. doi: 10.3109/10409239309085137.
This article is an overview of current research in the area of sulfate activation. Emphasis is placed on presenting unresolved issues in an appropriate context for critical evaluation by the reader. The energetics of sulfate activation is reevaluated in light of recent findings that demonstrate that the synthesis of activated sulfate is thermodynamically driven by GTP hydrolysis. The structural and functional bases of this GTPase activation are discussed in detail. The bonding and hydrolysis of the high-energy, phosphoric-sulfuric acid anhydride bond of activated sulfate are presented along with an analysis of the importance of the divalent cation and pyrophosphate protonation in the equilibria governing activated sulfate formation. The molecular genetics of sulfate assimilation in prokaryotes is reviewed with an emphasis on the regulation of the pathway. Recent discoveries connecting sulfate activation to plant/microbe symbiogenesis are presented, as are several examples of the importance of activated sulfate in human metabolism and disease.
本文是对硫酸盐活化领域当前研究的概述。重点在于在适当的背景下呈现未解决的问题，以供读者进行批判性评估。鉴于最近的研究结果表明活化硫酸盐的合成在热力学上由GTP水解驱动，对硫酸盐活化的能量学进行了重新评估。详细讨论了这种GTP酶活化的结构和功能基础。介绍了活化硫酸盐的高能磷酸硫酸酐键的结合和水解，并分析了二价阳离子和焦磷酸质子化在控制活化硫酸盐形成的平衡中的重要性。综述了原核生物中硫酸盐同化的分子遗传学，重点是该途径的调控。介绍了将硫酸盐活化与植物/微生物共生发生联系起来的最新发现，以及活化硫酸盐在人类代谢和疾病中的重要性的几个例子。
