Ummenhofer C, Kluthe R
Deutsche Akademie für Ernährungsmedizin, Freiburg.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1994 Jan 21;119(3):49-57. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1058660.
To examine how the term "salt sensitivity" has heretofore been defined, two medical data bases, DIMDI and MEDLINE were searched. 32 clinical studies, published between 1978-1992 and using the terms salt-, sodium- or sodium chloride-sensitive or sensitivity were found and analysed. Salt sensitivity was experimentally determined and applied in quite varied ways to normotensive and hypertensive persons. There were three types of studies: in type 1 (n = 15), a phase of low sodium intake was followed by one with a high intake; in type 2 (n = 8), a phase of high or "normal" sodium intake was followed by a low intake one; in type 3 (n = 9), there was a randomized sequence of differing sodium intake phases, in some cases with cross-over. It is concluded from these studies that there is insufficient evidence to distinguish between salt sensitive and salt insensitive subjects. Consequently scientific discussion of this question should not lead to hypertensives being discouraged from reducing their salt intake.
为研究“盐敏感性”这一术语此前是如何定义的，我们检索了两个医学数据库，即德国医学文献数据库（DIMDI）和医学在线数据库（MEDLINE）。我们找到了32项发表于1978年至1992年间、使用了盐敏感、钠敏感或氯化钠敏感等术语的临床研究并进行了分析。盐敏感性是通过实验测定的，并且以相当不同的方式应用于血压正常者和高血压患者。研究分为三种类型：在第1类研究（n = 15）中，先是低钠摄入阶段，随后是高钠摄入阶段；在第2类研究（n = 8）中，先是高钠或“正常”钠摄入阶段，随后是低钠摄入阶段；在第3类研究（n = 9）中，存在不同钠摄入阶段的随机序列，有些情况下采用交叉设计。从这些研究得出的结论是，没有足够的证据来区分盐敏感者和盐不敏感者。因此，关于这个问题的科学讨论不应导致高血压患者因减少盐摄入量而受到劝阻。
