Headapohl D
Department of Occupational Medicine, Saint Patrick Hospital, Missoula, Montana 59802.
Occup Med. 1993 Oct-Dec;8(4):685-707.
Women are entering the paid workforce in increasing numbers and breaking into traditionally male occupations, causing a demographic shift in the work force. Moreover, because women have attained greater reproductive freedom with birth control, they are no longer tied by biologic necessity to reproduction and child care. As a result, some of the underlying assumptions about women and work have been challenged. This chapter explores the biologic differences between men and women and how these differences may affect job capacity and compatibility. It also reviews the controversy over gender roles and resulting occupational segregation and pay disparity.
越来越多的女性进入有偿劳动力市场，并涉足传统上由男性主导的职业，这导致了劳动力人口结构的转变。此外，由于女性通过节育获得了更大的生育自由，她们不再受生物必然性的束缚而局限于生育和育儿。因此，一些关于女性与工作的基本假设受到了挑战。本章探讨了男性和女性之间的生物学差异，以及这些差异如何可能影响工作能力和适应性。它还回顾了关于性别角色的争议以及由此产生的职业隔离和薪酬差距。
