Morris W, Steinhoff M C, Russell P K
Department of International Health, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Vaccine. 1994 Jan;12(1):5-11. doi: 10.1016/0264-410x(94)90003-5.
Biodegradable polymer microspheres or microcapsules developed over the past decade for reliable, preprogrammed release of contraceptive steroids have significant potential for adaptation to antigen release for immunization. In addition, polymeric encapsulation of antigens could prevent the acid and enzymatic degradation that has been a barrier to the development of oral vaccines. This review summarizes the published experience with microencapsulated hormones and antigens, describes the process of microsphere production, discusses the strengths and weaknesses of this approach to immunization, and outlines the gaps in knowledge. Microsphere technology has the potential benefits of reducing the number of inoculations, enhancing the immune response via both parenteral and oral vaccination routes, and in reducing the total antigen dose required to achieve immune protection.
在过去十年中研发的用于可靠、预编程释放避孕类固醇的可生物降解聚合物微球或微胶囊，在适应抗原释放用于免疫方面具有巨大潜力。此外，抗原的聚合物包封可防止酸和酶降解，而这一直是口服疫苗开发的障碍。本综述总结了微囊化激素和抗原的已发表经验，描述了微球生产过程，讨论了这种免疫方法的优缺点，并概述了知识空白。微球技术具有减少接种次数、通过肠胃外和口服疫苗接种途径增强免疫反应以及减少实现免疫保护所需的总抗原剂量等潜在益处。
