Ritte U, Neufeld E, Broit M, Shavit D, Motro U
Department of Genetics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
J Mol Evol. 1993 Oct;37(4):435-40. doi: 10.1007/BF00178873.
The haplotypes of Y chromosome (paternally inherited) and mtDNA (maternally inherited) were analyzed in representatives of six Jewish communities (Ashkenazic, North African, Near Eastern, Yemenite, Minor Asian/Balkanian, and Ethiopian). For both elements, the Ethiopian community has a mixture of typically African and typically Caucasian haplotypes and is significantly different from all others. The other communities, whose haplotypes are mostly Caucasian, are more closely related; significant differences that were found among some of them possibly indicate the effects of admixture with neighboring communities of non-Jews. The different contribution of the Y chromosome and mtDNA haplotypes to the significant differences among the communities can be explained by unequal involvement of males and females in the different admixtures. In all communities, except the Ethiopians, the level of diversity (h) for Y chromosome haplotypes is higher than that for mtDNA haplotypes, suggesting that in each community the people who become parents include more males than females. An opposite proportion (more females than males) is found among the Ethiopians.
对六个犹太群体（阿什肯纳兹人、北非犹太人、近东犹太人、也门人、小亚细亚/巴尔干犹太人以及埃塞俄比亚犹太人）的代表进行了Y染色体（父系遗传）和线粒体DNA（母系遗传）单倍型分析。对于这两种遗传元素，埃塞俄比亚群体拥有典型非洲单倍型和典型高加索单倍型的混合，且与所有其他群体显著不同。其他群体的单倍型大多为高加索类型，它们之间的关系更为密切；在其中一些群体中发现的显著差异可能表明与非犹太相邻群体混合的影响。Y染色体和线粒体DNA单倍型对群体间显著差异的不同贡献可以通过男性和女性在不同混合中的不同参与程度来解释。在所有群体中，除了埃塞俄比亚人，Y染色体单倍型的多样性水平（h）高于线粒体DNA单倍型，这表明在每个群体中成为父母的人群中男性多于女性。而在埃塞俄比亚人中发现的比例则相反（女性多于男性）。
