Flanagan B P, Helwig E B
Arch Dermatol. 1977 Jan;113(1):24-30.
Cutaneous lymphangiomas from 158 patients were studied clinically and pathologically. Lymphangiomas show a predilection for the neck and axilla, breasts and chest, and buttocks and thighs, but may occur on almost any area of skin. They show highest incidence of onset in infancy, the majority are present by age 5 years, but they may appear spontaneously in adolescence or adult life. No correlation among cutaneous lymphangioma, mucous membrane lymphangioma, internal lymphangioma, or lymphangiosarcoma was found. No familial histories of lymphangioma were elicited. Single surgical excision cured 75% of cutaneous lymphangiomas and reexcision cured an additional 12%. The cutaneous lymphangiomas are divided into superficial "lymphangioma circumscriptum" and deep "lymphangioma cavernosum." No specific histologic criteria could be found to differentiate lymphangioma from "bloodless" hemangioma, primary from secondary lymphangioma (lymphangiectasia), or cystic cavernous lymphangoma from cystic hygroma.
对158例皮肤淋巴管瘤患者进行了临床和病理研究。淋巴管瘤好发于颈部和腋窝、乳房和胸部以及臀部和大腿，但几乎可发生于皮肤的任何部位。其发病高峰在婴儿期，大多数在5岁前出现，但也可能在青春期或成年期自发出现。未发现皮肤淋巴管瘤、黏膜淋巴管瘤、内部淋巴管瘤或淋巴管肉瘤之间存在相关性。未发现淋巴管瘤家族史。单次手术切除治愈了75%的皮肤淋巴管瘤，再次切除又治愈了12%。皮肤淋巴管瘤分为浅表的“局限性淋巴管瘤”和深部的“海绵状淋巴管瘤”。未发现可将淋巴管瘤与“无血”血管瘤、原发性与继发性淋巴管瘤（淋巴管扩张）或囊性海绵状淋巴管瘤与囊性水瘤区分开来的特异性组织学标准。
