Henry C S, Stephenson A L, Hanson M F, Hargett W
Department of Family Relations and Child Development, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078.
Adolescence. 1993 Summer;28(110):291-308.
Suicide is an issue of increasing concern for professionals who work with adolescents and their families. Over the past three decades, the rate of suicide has increased dramatically among 15- to 24-year-olds and is the third leading cause of death in this age group. Previous theoretical approaches to understanding adolescent suicide (i.e., Durkheim's sociological theory of suicide, social learning theory, psychological theory, and family systems theory) are reviewed, and the utilization of human ecological theory is proposed. Factors associated with adolescent suicide at the organism (individual), microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem levels are examined. Finally, examples of prevention and intervention at each level are presented.
自杀是一个越来越受到与青少年及其家庭打交道的专业人士关注的问题。在过去三十年里，15至24岁人群的自杀率急剧上升，是该年龄组的第三大死因。本文回顾了以往理解青少年自杀的理论方法（即涂尔干的自杀社会学理论、社会学习理论、心理学理论和家庭系统理论），并提出了人类生态理论的应用。研究了在有机体（个体）、微观系统、中观系统、外部系统和宏观系统层面与青少年自杀相关的因素。最后，给出了每个层面预防和干预的实例。
