David M J, Portoukalian J, Rebbaa A, Vignon E, Carret J P, Richard M
Department of Biochemistry, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France.
Arthritis Rheum. 1993 Jul;36(7):938-42. doi: 10.1002/art.1780360710.
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are biologically active molecules in the physiology and pathology of cells. Since changes in GSLs might be associated with the impaired metabolism of articular cartilage in osteoarthritis (OA), we investigated gangliosides from normal and OA human cartilage.
OA and control cartilage was obtained from patients with hip OA and femoral neck fracture, respectively. Gangliosides were extracted and quantified by determining their lipid-bound sialic acid concentration. Major gangliosides were identified by immuno-detection on thin-layer plates, purified by high performance liquid chromatography, and analyzed for their carbohydrate, fatty acid, and long-chain base composition.
The total ganglioside content of OA cartilage was decreased by 40% (per mg of DNA). Major gangliosides, GM3 and GD3, separated into 3 on thin-layer chromatography bands. All were decreased except for the lowest migrating band of GM3, which was increased 5-fold. This ganglioside had the same carbohydrate moiety and fatty acids as the other two, but differed by a long-chain base composed mainly of C20-sphingosine.
OA cartilage is characterized by a decrease in all gangliosides except GM3, which demonstrates a large increase in the lowest band. These results indicate that there are changes in the biochemical composition of chondrocyte membranes in OA. The causes and roles of these changes remain to be determined.
糖鞘脂（GSLs）是细胞生理和病理过程中的生物活性分子。由于糖鞘脂的变化可能与骨关节炎（OA）中关节软骨代谢受损有关，我们研究了正常和OA人软骨中的神经节苷脂。
OA软骨和对照软骨分别取自髋部OA患者和股骨颈骨折患者。通过测定其脂质结合唾液酸浓度来提取和定量神经节苷脂。通过在薄层板上进行免疫检测鉴定主要神经节苷脂，通过高效液相色谱法纯化，并分析其碳水化合物、脂肪酸和长链碱组成。
OA软骨的总神经节苷脂含量降低了40%（每毫克DNA）。主要神经节苷脂GM3和GD3在薄层色谱上分离为3条带。除GM3迁移最低的条带增加了5倍外，其余均降低。该神经节苷脂与其他两种神经节苷脂具有相同的碳水化合物部分和脂肪酸，但长链碱不同，主要由C20 - 鞘氨醇组成。
OA软骨的特征是除GM3外所有神经节苷脂均减少，GM3迁移最低的条带显著增加。这些结果表明OA中软骨细胞膜的生化组成发生了变化。这些变化的原因和作用仍有待确定。
