Schedlowski M, Jacobs R, Stratmann G, Richter S, Hädicke A, Tewes U, Wagner T O, Schmidt R E
Division of Medical Psychology, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover, FRG.
J Clin Immunol. 1993 Mar;13(2):119-26. doi: 10.1007/BF00919268.
Emotional stress is often followed by increased susceptibility to infections. One major role in the immediate immune response to infection is played by natural killer (NK) cells. This study was designed to establish whether acute psychological stress influences cellular immune functions and to elucidate the role of endocrine parameters as potent mediators of stress induced alterations of the immune system. Forty-five first-time tandem parachutists were examined continuously for their plasma concentrations of cortisol and catecholamines from 120 min before to 60 min after jumping. Lymphocyte subsets, NK activity, and ADCC were determined 2 hr before, immediately after, and 1 hr after jumping. There was a significant increase in sympathetic-adrenal hormones during (adrenaline, noradrenaline) and shortly after jumping (cortisol). Lymphocyte subsets and the functional capacity of NK cells revealed an increase immediately after jumping followed by a decrease significantly below starting values 1 hr later. These changes were significantly correlated to plasma concentrations of noradrenaline. Thus, quick mobilization of NK cells is suggested as one major mechanism for this effective adaptation of the immune system to stress situations.
情绪应激之后往往会出现对感染的易感性增加。自然杀伤（NK）细胞在对感染的即时免疫反应中起主要作用。本研究旨在确定急性心理应激是否会影响细胞免疫功能，并阐明内分泌参数作为应激诱导免疫系统改变的有效介质的作用。对45名首次进行双人跳伞的人员在跳伞前120分钟至跳伞后60分钟连续检测其血浆皮质醇和儿茶酚胺浓度。在跳伞前2小时、跳伞后即刻和跳伞后1小时测定淋巴细胞亚群、NK活性和抗体依赖的细胞介导的细胞毒性作用（ADCC）。在跳伞期间（肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素）和跳伞后不久（皮质醇），交感 - 肾上腺激素显著增加。淋巴细胞亚群和NK细胞的功能能力在跳伞后即刻显示增加，随后1小时显著下降至起始值以下。这些变化与去甲肾上腺素的血浆浓度显著相关。因此，NK细胞的快速动员被认为是免疫系统有效适应应激情况的一种主要机制。
