Holritz K, Lucas A
Cancer Pract. 1993 Jul-Aug;1(2):129-36.
Pain management has emerged as a priority patient care issue, especially in the oncology setting. For most patients with advanced cancer, pain is a major symptom. Cancer pain can be acute, chronic, or a combination. Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) and epidural analgesia have been shown to be safe and effective techniques for the management of pain in the acute and chronic pain populations. Little information is available concerning the use of these modalities in patients with cancer. The authors describe the experience of instituting a pain management program at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. The objectives of the program, the components necessary to institute the pain management program, and the roles of PCA and epidural analgesia are noted. Recommendations are offered for organization of services, reliance on primary nurses, and involvement of the multidisciplinary team. Safety concerns and other patient-related issues are highlighted. Based on Memorial Hospital experience, the authors conclude that an acute pain service has an important role in meeting the needs of patients with cancer.
疼痛管理已成为患者护理的一个优先问题，尤其是在肿瘤治疗环境中。对于大多数晚期癌症患者来说，疼痛是主要症状。癌症疼痛可以是急性的、慢性的，或者两者皆有。患者自控镇痛（PCA）和硬膜外镇痛已被证明是管理急慢性疼痛患者疼痛的安全有效技术。关于这些方式在癌症患者中的使用，目前可用信息很少。作者描述了在纪念斯隆凯特琳癌症中心建立疼痛管理项目的经验。该项目的目标、建立疼痛管理项目所需的组成部分以及PCA和硬膜外镇痛的作用都有提及。还针对服务组织、对责任护士的依赖以及多学科团队的参与提出了建议。强调了安全问题和其他与患者相关的问题。基于纪念医院的经验，作者得出结论，急性疼痛服务在满足癌症患者需求方面具有重要作用。
