Yairi E, Ambrose N G, Niermann R
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
J Speech Hear Res. 1993 Jun;36(3):521-8. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3603.521.
Objective data on the development of stuttering during its first several months are sparse. Such a deficit is due to parents' tendency to postpone professional consultation regarding early stuttering until later in the course of the disorder and to a lack of longitudinal studies beginning close to onset. This report presents information on a rare group of 16 preschool subjects who were evaluated within several weeks after stuttering onset and followed for 6 months using multiple measures. The findings show that often early stuttering takes on a moderate-to-severe form. Substantial changes occurred, however, during the 6 months of the study, with a strong tendency for reduction in stuttering-like disfluencies, number of head/face movements, clinician severity ratings of stuttering, and parent ratings of stuttering. Several subjects, including severe cases, exhibited complete recovery. The large changes that occur during the early stage of stuttering suggest that relatively small differences in the length of post-onset interval (stuttering history) can greatly influence all research data of early childhood stuttering. The high, as well as fast, improvement rate suggests that the precise timing of early intervention should be conscientiously evaluated in carefully controlled studies.
关于口吃在最初几个月发展情况的客观数据稀少。这种不足归因于父母倾向于将关于早期口吃的专业咨询推迟到该障碍病程的后期，以及缺乏从接近发病时开始的纵向研究。本报告呈现了一组罕见的16名学龄前儿童的信息，这些儿童在口吃发病后的几周内接受了评估，并使用多种测量方法进行了6个月的跟踪。研究结果表明，早期口吃通常呈现中度到重度的形式。然而，在研究的6个月期间发生了显著变化，口吃样不流畅性、头部/面部动作数量、临床医生对口吃的严重程度评分以及父母对口吃的评分都有明显下降的趋势。包括严重病例在内的几名受试者实现了完全康复。口吃早期阶段出现的巨大变化表明，发病后间隔时间（口吃病史）长度上相对较小的差异会极大地影响幼儿口吃的所有研究数据。高改善率以及快速改善率表明，在严格控制的研究中应认真评估早期干预的精确时机。
