Yairi E, Ambrose N
University of Illinois, Department of Speech and Hearing Science, Champaign 61820.
J Speech Hear Res. 1992 Aug;35(4):782-8. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3504.782.
This investigation provides updated information on the onset of stuttering, explores variations in the onset, and studies possible relationship of stuttering onset to the factors of age, gender, familial history, severity, and stress. Data were obtained for 87 preschool children through parent interviews, using a standardized questionnaire. Interviews were conducted within 12 months after the disorder was first diagnosed. Results for selected items indicated that onset tended to occur at an earlier age than was previously thought and was sudden and/or severe in a substantial number of cases. Physical or emotional stress and familial histories of stuttering were reported for many of the participating children. A significant gender factor was found. About twice as many boys as girls stuttered and girls began stuttering at a significantly earlier age. There was a positive relationship between severe stuttering and sudden onset. Several other tendencies for relationship between factors were either weak or not significant for the present sample size. The findings are discussed with special reference to the possible relationship between stuttering onset and maturational processes and the possible contribution of data on onset to the differentiation of stutterers.
本研究提供了有关口吃起病的最新信息，探讨了起病情况的差异，并研究了口吃起病与年龄、性别、家族史、严重程度和压力等因素之间可能存在的关系。通过对87名学龄前儿童的家长进行访谈，使用标准化问卷获取数据。访谈在该疾病首次确诊后的12个月内进行。部分项目的结果表明，口吃起病的年龄往往比之前认为的要早，并且在相当多的病例中起病突然和/或严重。许多参与研究的儿童都报告了身体或情绪压力以及口吃家族史。发现了一个显著的性别因素。口吃的男孩数量约为女孩的两倍，且女孩开始口吃的年龄明显更早。严重口吃与突然起病之间存在正相关关系。对于本样本量而言，其他几个因素之间的关系趋势要么较弱，要么不显著。将结合口吃起病与成熟过程之间可能存在的关系，以及起病数据对口吃者鉴别诊断可能做出的贡献，对研究结果进行讨论。
