Opatow B
Int J Psychoanal. 1993 Jun;74 ( Pt 3):437-57.
This paper attempts, hypothetico-deductively, to conceptualise psychoanalysis on the level of fundamental theory. I begin by exploring the relevance for psychoanalytic theory of recent developments in the brain and cognitive sciences. Their site of articulation is identified as the concept of consciousness. I proceed to develop a conceptual integration of consciousness into psychoanalytic drive theory. This reveals the wish as the original psychical entity, with a self-process imbricated in its structure. Narcissism in shown to be sexually grounded, vitally constitutive, and intrinsically aggressive. It becomes possible, using the neighbouring sciences as well, to work out a theory of the origin of the secondary process and early ego formation. My approach provides a view of mental development in which identification and repression represent two aspects of a unitary activity that structures the mind. This allows the unconscious and consciousness to be brought into dialectical relation. Implications follow for the 'activity of the repressed' and the theory of paranoia.
本文试图以假设-演绎的方式，在基础理论层面上对精神分析进行概念化。我首先探讨大脑与认知科学的最新发展对精神分析理论的相关性。它们的衔接点被确定为意识概念。接着，我将意识概念整合到精神分析驱力理论中。这揭示了愿望是原始的心理实体，其结构中包含自我过程。自恋被证明是基于性的、至关重要的构成要素且本质上具有攻击性。利用相邻学科，也有可能构建出二级过程起源和早期自我形成的理论。我的方法提供了一种心理发展观，其中认同和压抑代表构建心灵的统一活动的两个方面。这使得无意识和意识能够形成辩证关系。这对“被压抑者的活动”和偏执狂理论具有启示意义。
