Sheridan D P, Hornung C A, McCutcheon E P, Wheeler F C
University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Columbia 29208.
Am J Prev Med. 1993 May-Jun;9(3):155-9.
National studies have documented an excessive rate of cigarette smoking in black men; however, a 1987 survey conducted in two urban areas in South Carolina documents a high rate of smoking in young white men with fewer than 12 years of education (67%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 58.3, 75.7). Differences in smoking rates by educational level were significant only for those younger than 40. Young blacks were less likely to smoke and smoked fewer cigarettes than whites. As a result, the population burden of cigarettes in young black men with fewer than 12 years of education was only 27% of the burden carried by their white peers. Television, physicians, and radio were all seen as likely sources of health information to prevent heart disease, but newspapers were less likely to be cited by those younger than 40 or by those with fewer than 12 years of education. Reported physician counseling for smoking cessation did not differ significantly by race, sex, or educational level of the patient, but reported counseling was higher for individuals with a personal history of cardiovascular disease (odds ratio [OR] = 2.32, CI = 1.27, 4.25) and somewhat lower for the elderly. We highlight the population burden of cigarettes, a predictor of the eventual disease burden attributable to smoking, as a useful priority measure for smoking intervention efforts.
全国性研究记录了黑人男性吸烟率过高的情况；然而，1987年在南卡罗来纳州两个城市地区进行的一项调查显示，受教育年限少于12年的年轻白人男性吸烟率很高（67%；95%置信区间[CI]=58.3，75.7）。仅在40岁以下人群中，吸烟率的教育水平差异显著。年轻黑人吸烟的可能性低于白人，且吸烟量也少于白人。因此，受教育年限少于12年的年轻黑人男性的香烟人群负担仅为其白人同龄人负担的27%。电视、医生和广播都被视为预防心脏病的健康信息可能来源，但40岁以下人群或受教育年限少于12年的人群提及报纸作为信息来源的可能性较小。报告的医生戒烟咨询在患者的种族、性别或教育水平方面没有显著差异，但有心血管疾病个人史的人报告的咨询率更高（比值比[OR]=2.32，CI=1.27，4.25），老年人的咨询率略低。我们强调香烟的人群负担，这是吸烟所致最终疾病负担的一个预测指标，作为吸烟干预努力的一项有用的优先措施。
