Leland N L, Garrard J, Smith D K
Maternal and Child Health Major, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
Am J Dis Child. 1993 Aug;147(8):826-31. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160320028014.
To increase our understanding of the epidemiologic nature of injuries to children in day-care settings by examining injury logs and to determine appropriate methods for calculating injury rates.
Retrospective, with data collected through a review of 1 year's records.
Four suburban day-care centers in the upper Midwest.
Five hundred twenty-seven preschool-age children, 275 of whom experienced one or more injuries during the study period.
Convenience sample.
MEASUREMENTS/RESULTS: Injury rates were calculated based on the number of hours spent in day care in the study year. More than 1000 injuries were reported for 527 children. Injury rates ranged from 0.006 to 0.049 per child per standardized 8-hour day in a day-care center (or six to 49 injuries per 1000 children per 8 hours of exposure). However, most injuries were minor, and none resulted in a fatality or hospital admission. Using this method, injury rates were examined by gender and month.
Future research should determine exposure time based on the actual number of hours a child spends in attendance to determine injury rates. Exposure time should also be carefully considered in determining product- and location-specific rates of injury.
通过检查伤害记录来增进我们对日间护理机构中儿童伤害流行病学特征的了解，并确定计算伤害率的合适方法。
回顾性研究，通过查阅一年的记录收集数据。
中西部上游地区的四家郊区日间护理中心。
527名学龄前儿童，其中275名在研究期间经历了一次或多次伤害。
便利样本。
测量/结果：伤害率根据研究年度在日托中心花费的小时数计算。527名儿童报告了1000多起伤害。在日托中心，每名儿童每标准8小时工作日的伤害率为0.006至0.049（或每1000名儿童每暴露8小时有6至49起伤害）。然而，大多数伤害为轻伤，无一导致死亡或住院治疗。采用这种方法，按性别和月份检查了伤害率。
未来的研究应根据儿童实际出勤小时数确定暴露时间以确定伤害率。在确定特定产品和地点的伤害率时，也应仔细考虑暴露时间。
