McLellan B A, Vingilis E, Larkin E, Stoduto G, Macartney-Filgate M, Sharkey P W
Regional Trauma Unit, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Trauma. 1993 Aug;35(2):245-50. doi: 10.1097/00005373-199308000-00012.
Eight hundred fifty-four consecutive motor vehicle crash (MVC) victims admitted from August 1, 1986, through August 31, 1989, were prospectively assessed including measurement of blood alcohol concentration (BAC). One hundred six in-hospital interviews were conducted on competent consenting drivers > or = 18 years old; 22.9% (n = 22) of those who were BAC tested (n = 96) were positive for alcohol on admission. The blood alcohol concentration positive [BAC(+)] and the BAC negative (-) drivers differed significantly on the following variables; driver education [BAC(-) > BAC(+): p < 0.01], license suspension < or = 2 years before admission [BAC(+) > BAC(-): p < 0.01], frequency of self-reported intoxication in month before crash [BAC(+) > BAC(-): p < 0.05], driving within 2 hours of drinking < or = 1 month before admission [BAC(+) > BAC(-): p = 0.01] and self-reported driving with BAC > 17 mmol/L < or = 1 month before admission [BAC(+) > BAC(-): p < 0.01]. Follow-up interviews (n = 106) were conducted 1 year after discharge; drivers originally testing BAC(+) were more likely to drive within 2 hours of drinking (p < 0.05), and were more likely to admit to driving with a BAC > 17 mmol/L (p < 0.01). Original BAC(+) drivers were also more likely to report a subsequent MVC in the year following discharge (not statistically significant). There is a need to develop an assessment system to identify high crash-risk drivers and establish rehabilitation programs to reduce crash recidivism.
对1986年8月1日至1989年8月31日期间收治的854例连续性机动车碰撞（MVC）受害者进行前瞻性评估，包括测定血液酒精浓度（BAC）。对106名年龄≥18岁且有行为能力并同意参与的司机进行了院内访谈；在接受BAC检测的96名司机中，22.9%（n = 22）入院时酒精检测呈阳性。血液酒精浓度阳性[BAC(+)]和阴性[BAC(-)]的司机在以下变量上存在显著差异：驾驶员教育程度[BAC(-) > BAC(+)：p < 0.01]、入院前≤2年驾照被吊销情况[BAC(+) > BAC(-)：p < 0.01]、事故前1个月自我报告的醉酒频率[BAC(+) > BAC(-)：p < 0.05]、入院前≤1个月饮酒后2小时内驾驶情况[BAC(+) > BAC(-)：p = 0.01]以及入院前≤1个月自我报告的BAC>17 mmol/L时驾驶情况[BAC(+) > BAC(-)：p < 0.01]。出院1年后进行了随访访谈（n = 106）；最初检测BAC(+)的司机在饮酒后2小时内驾驶的可能性更大（p < 0.05），并且更有可能承认BAC>17 mmol/L时驾驶（p < 0.01）。最初BAC(+)的司机在出院后1年内报告后续发生MVC的可能性也更大（无统计学意义）。有必要开发一种评估系统来识别高碰撞风险司机，并建立康复项目以减少碰撞再发率。
