Glanzer M, Adams J K, Iverson G J, Kim K
Department of Psychology, New York University, New York 10003.
Psychol Rev. 1993 Jul;100(3):546-67. doi: 10.1037/0033-295x.100.3.546.
Three regularities in recognition memory are described with supporting data: the mirror effect, the order of receiver operating characteristic slopes, and the symmetry of movement of underlying distributions. The derivation of these regularities from attention/likelihood theory is demonstrated. The theory's central concept, which distinguishes it from other theories, is the following: Ss make recognition decisions by combining information about new and old items, the combination made in the form of likelihood ratios. The central role of the likelihood ratios extends the implications of signal detection theory for recognition memory. Attention/likelihood theory is fitted to data of 2 series of experiments. One series involves yes-no tests and confidence ratings, the other forced-choice experiments. It is argued that the regularities require a revision of most current theories of recognition memory.
镜像效应、接收者操作特征曲线斜率的顺序以及潜在分布的对称移动。文中展示了如何从注意力/似然理论推导出这些规律。该理论的核心概念使其有别于其他理论，具体如下：被试通过整合新旧项目的信息来做出识别决策，这种整合以似然比的形式进行。似然比的核心作用扩展了信号检测理论对识别记忆的影响。注意力/似然理论与两个系列实验的数据相拟合。一个系列涉及是/否测试和置信度评级，另一个系列是迫选实验。文中认为，这些规律需要对当前大多数识别记忆理论进行修正。
