Petersen F, Zähner H, Metzger J W, Freund S, Hummel R P
Institut für Mikrobiologie, Universität Tübingen, Germany.
J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1993 Jul;46(7):1126-38. doi: 10.7164/antibiotics.46.1126.
During germination spores of Streptomyces viridochromogenes NRRL B-1551 excrete a compound, germicidin, which has an inhibitory effect on the germination of its own arthrospores at a concentration as low as 200 pM (40 pg/ml). At higher concentrations germicidin inhibits porcine Na+/K(+)-activated ATPase and retards the germination of the cress Lepidium sativum. Germicidin is the first known autoregulative inhibitor of spore germination in the genus Streptomyces and was isolated from the supernatant of germinated spores, but also from the supernatant of the submerged culture. Spectroscopic analysis and derivatization reactions revealed germicidin to be 6-(2-butyl)-3-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-pyrone (C11H16O3). Crude isolates of germicidin from the supernatant of submerged culture, but not from the spores, contained a second, structurally very similar compound (C10H14O3), in which in contrast to germicidin a 2-propyl instead of the 2-butyl chain was bound to C-6 and which did not show any activity in the germination and ATPase assay. The germination assay was evaluated as a new screening model for specifically active compounds.
在绿色产色链霉菌NRRL B - 1551的孢子萌发过程中，会分泌一种名为杀芽孢素的化合物，该化合物在低至200 pM（40 pg/ml）的浓度下，就对其自身节孢子的萌发具有抑制作用。在较高浓度下，杀芽孢素会抑制猪的Na⁺/K⁺激活的ATP酶，并延缓水芹独行菜种子的萌发。杀芽孢素是链霉菌属中首个已知的孢子萌发自调控抑制剂，它不仅可从萌发孢子的上清液中分离得到，也能从深层培养的上清液中分离得到。光谱分析和衍生化反应表明，杀芽孢素为6 - (2 - 丁基)-3 - 乙基 - 4 - 羟基 - 2 - 吡喃酮（C₁₁H₁₆O₃）。从深层培养上清液中分离得到的杀芽孢素粗提物（而非从孢子中分离得到的）含有第二种结构非常相似的化合物（C₁₀H₁₄O₃），与杀芽孢素相比，该化合物在C - 6位连接的是2 - 丙基链而非2 - 丁基链，并且在萌发和ATP酶测定中未显示任何活性。萌发测定被评估为一种用于筛选具有特定活性化合物的新模型。
