Kris-Etherton P M, Krummel D
Nutrition Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1993 Sep;93(9):987-93. doi: 10.1016/0002-8223(93)92035-v.
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the major cause of death in women. Because the manifestation of CHD differs in women and men (men are more likely to have acute CHD and women are more likely to have chronic CHD), it is imperative to explore the unique aspects of CHD in women. In addition, there is a critical need to increase our understanding of the effect of CHD risk factor modification on coronary morbidity and mortality in women. Several major CHD risk factors in women, such as elevated blood lipids and lipoproteins, body weight, and, frequently, hypertension, are beneficially responsive to nutrition intervention. Approximately 27% of all women and 50% of women aged 55 to 74 years are candidates for dietary intervention. The fact that women respond positively to dietary intervention has been well established by researchers. Studies are needed to determine the efficacy of risk factor modification achieved by dietary and other hygienic approaches as well as by other more rigorous therapies (eg, drugs and surgery) on the primary and secondary prevention of CHD in women. Finally, it will be important to understand the effects of gender, menopausal status, and age on dietary responsiveness. We must gain a better understanding of these issues so that we may significantly reduce the incidence of CHD in women.
冠心病（CHD）是女性死亡的主要原因。由于冠心病在女性和男性中的表现有所不同（男性更易患急性冠心病，而女性更易患慢性冠心病），因此探索女性冠心病的独特方面势在必行。此外，迫切需要加深我们对改变冠心病危险因素对女性冠状动脉发病率和死亡率影响的理解。女性的几个主要冠心病危险因素，如血脂和脂蛋白升高、体重，以及常见的高血压，对营养干预有良好反应。所有女性中约27%以及55至74岁女性中50%适合进行饮食干预。研究人员已经充分证实女性对饮食干预有积极反应。需要开展研究以确定通过饮食和其他卫生方法以及其他更严格的疗法（如药物和手术）改变危险因素对女性冠心病一级和二级预防的效果。最后，了解性别、绝经状态和年龄对饮食反应性的影响将很重要。我们必须更好地理解这些问题，以便能显著降低女性冠心病的发病率。
