Erythromycin-induced hypoacusis: 11 new cases and literature review.

OBJECTIVE

To report 11 cases of possible erythromycin-induced hearing loss and to review all cases reported in the literature.

CASE SUMMARY

In the 11 cases reported, the following are reviewed: age, gender, time to onset of and recovery from hypoacusis in relation to erythromycin administration, presence or absence of renal or hepatic disease, underlying disorders, and concurrent administration of other drugs. Hypoacusis appeared with dosages equal to or higher than 4 g/d in patients with a mean age of 52.5 +/- 19 years, a high percentage of whom (45 percent) presented with renal impairment. The hearing loss was reversible in all cases, and subsided a few days (median = 3) after dosage reduction or drug discontinuation.

DISCUSSION

Our patients' characteristics are similar to those of patients reported in the literature. Most data indicate that erythromycin-induced hypoacusis is a dose-dependent effect; however, its occurrence in patients otherwise free from disposing factors suggests that it is idiosyncratic.

CONCLUSIONS

Erythromycin administered for appropriate indications and dosage adjustments in patients with impaired renal and/or liver function may prevent or reduce the incidence of erythromycin-induced hypoacusis.