Machida N, Kiryu K, Oh-ishi K, Kanda E, Izumisawa N, Nakamura T
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan.
J Comp Pathol. 1993 May;108(4):383-92. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9975(08)80210-1.
From September to December 1991, a large number of free-ranging raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) died from a highly contagious disease in the vicinity of Tokyo. Eighteen seriously ill or dead animals were submitted for necropsy. The pathological findings resembled those in a masked palm civet (Paguma larvata) found infected with canine distemper virus (CDV) in the same area in late August 1991. The most striking features were pneumonia and gastroenteritis. Microscopical lesions consisted of cytoplasmic and intranuclear eosinophilic inclusion bodies in various organs and tissues, bronchiolointerstitial pneumonia, non-suppurative demyelinating encephalitis, lymphocytic depletion in various lymphoid tissues and catarrhal or necrotizing gastroenteritis. CDV-specific antigens, demonstrated immunohistochemically in the epithelial tissues, central nervous system and lymphoid tissues, corresponded with the presence of the eosinophilic inclusion bodies in sections of the same lesions stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Ultrastructurally, both cytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusion bodies were observed to be composed of aggregates of viral nucleocapsids. The study provided clear evidence that CDV was the cause of the disease. It is possible that the masked palm civet introduced the infection into the raccoon dog population.
1991年9月至12月期间，东京附近大量散养的貉（Nyctereutes procyonoides）死于一种高度传染性疾病。18只重病或死亡的动物被送去进行尸检。病理检查结果与1991年8月下旬在同一地区发现感染犬瘟热病毒（CDV）的果子狸（Paguma larvata）相似。最显著的特征是肺炎和肠胃炎。微观病变包括各器官和组织中的胞质和核内嗜酸性包涵体、细支气管间质性肺炎、非化脓性脱髓鞘性脑炎、各种淋巴组织中的淋巴细胞耗竭以及卡他性或坏死性肠胃炎。通过免疫组织化学在上皮组织、中枢神经系统和淋巴组织中检测到的CDV特异性抗原，与苏木精和伊红染色的相同病变切片中的嗜酸性包涵体的存在情况相符。在超微结构上，观察到胞质和核内包涵体均由病毒核衣壳聚集体组成。该研究提供了明确的证据，证明CDV是该病的病因。果子狸有可能将感染引入了貉种群。
