Nicholson W L
Aust Coll Midwives Inc J. 1993 Jun;6(2):18-24. doi: 10.1016/s1031-170x(10)80005-4.
The use of nipple shields when breastfeeding has given rise to concerns about possible harmful effects. A study was carried out to examine this issue. A lactation consultant's (LC) patients using nipple shields were compared with her other patients who were not using nipple shields, and an incidental sample of all postnatal breastfeeding women. The three groups were compared on discharge from hospital and at 3 months. Breastfeeding rates and problems (nipple trauma and mastitis) were studied: on discharge from hospital the LC patients who were not using nipple shields were significantly less likely to be breastfeeding than either of the other two groups. At 3 months, both LC groups were less likely to be breastfeeding than the postnatal group; there was no significant differences between the women using nipple shields and those who were not. There were no significant difference in reported problems in the 3 groups. It is concluded that women with breastfeeding problems are more likely to give up breastfeeding than those women who do not have major problems, and that the use of nipple shields is not a contributing factor and does not appear to compromise lactation.
母乳喂养时使用乳头保护罩引发了人们对其可能产生有害影响的担忧。为此开展了一项研究来调查这个问题。将一位泌乳顾问（LC）的使用乳头保护罩的患者与她的其他未使用乳头保护罩的患者，以及所有产后进行母乳喂养的女性的随机样本进行比较。在出院时和3个月时对这三组进行比较。研究了母乳喂养率和问题（乳头创伤和乳腺炎）：在出院时，未使用乳头保护罩的LC患者进行母乳喂养的可能性明显低于其他两组中的任何一组。在3个月时，两个LC组进行母乳喂养的可能性均低于产后组；使用乳头保护罩的女性和未使用乳头保护罩的女性之间没有显著差异。三组报告的问题没有显著差异。得出的结论是，有母乳喂养问题的女性比没有重大问题的女性更有可能放弃母乳喂养，并且使用乳头保护罩不是一个促成因素，似乎也不会影响泌乳。
