Strauss M E, Buchanan R W, Hale J
Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.
Psychiatry Res. 1993 Jun;47(3):205-13. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(93)90079-v.
Information-processing impairments have been suggested to be at the core of the cognitive deficits observed in schizophrenia and may represent preclinical markers of genetic vulnerability to the illness. Of particular importance in information-processing research have been measures such as the Continuous Performance Test (CPT) and the Partial Report Span of Apprehension (SPAN) that place high momentary loads on processing resources. The relationships between the two cognitive measures and between the two measures and clinical symptoms were examined in 50 patients with either DSM-III-R schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. The information-processing measures were modestly correlated with each other and with an estimate of verbal, but not nonverbal IQ. The SPAN was correlated with negative symptoms and the CPT with formal thought disorder. These results provide some evidence of convergent validity but also suggest that constructs other than high momentary processing load are implicated in their sensitivity to schizophrenia.
信息处理障碍被认为是精神分裂症中所观察到的认知缺陷的核心，并且可能代表该疾病遗传易感性的临床前标志物。在信息处理研究中，特别重要的是诸如连续作业测试（CPT）和部分报告领悟广度（SPAN）等测量方法，这些方法会对处理资源施加较高的瞬间负荷。对50名患有DSM-III-R精神分裂症或分裂情感性障碍的患者，研究了这两种认知测量方法之间以及这两种测量方法与临床症状之间的关系。信息处理测量方法彼此之间以及与言语智商（而非非言语智商）的估计值之间存在适度的相关性。SPAN与阴性症状相关，而CPT与形式思维障碍相关。这些结果提供了一些收敛效度的证据，但也表明除了高瞬间处理负荷之外的其他结构也与它们对精神分裂症的敏感性有关。
