Fuchs T
Psychiatrische Klinik, Technischen Universität München.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 1993 Aug;61(8):257-66. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-999093.
Since Kraepelin's description of the "paranoia of the deaf" in 1915, the connection between sensory impairment and paranoid states in old age has been repeatedly confirmed. Parallels may be drawn to delusional syndromes caused or triggered by linguistic isolation, sensory aphasia and the perceptual disturbances in early schizophrenia. An overview on the different delusional phenomena in sensory-perceptual dysfunction is given, followed by a pathogenetic model proposed in analogy to the "perceptual-release" theory of hallucinations: Reduction of sensory input and blurring of afferent schemas in the perception process result in a compensatory stimulation and "release" of paranoid patterns of information processing. Consistency of perception is reestablished at the price of rigid, delusional interpretation of ambiguous social situations.
自1915年克雷佩林描述了“聋者偏执狂”以来，老年期感觉障碍与偏执状态之间的联系已被反复证实。这可与语言隔离、感觉性失语以及早期精神分裂症中的感知障碍所引起或触发的妄想综合征相类比。本文给出了感觉-感知功能障碍中不同妄想现象的概述，随后提出了一个类似于幻觉的“感知释放”理论的发病机制模型：感觉输入的减少和感知过程中传入模式的模糊导致偏执性信息处理模式的代偿性刺激和“释放”。以对模糊社会情境进行僵化、妄想性解释为代价重新建立感知的一致性。
