Cheadle A, Psaty B M, Curry S, Wagner E, Diehr P, Koepsell T, Kristal A
Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
Prev Med. 1993 May;22(3):361-72. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1993.1030.
This article examines whether an in-store unobtrusive survey of grocery store product displays can be used to track community-level dietary behavior.
The survey was conducted in 12 western communities two different times to measure two aspects of the grocery store environment: (a) the relative availability of low-fat and high-fiber products and (b) the amount of store-provided health-education information. Self-reported dietary intake of residents was obtained in the same 12 communities using a telephone survey. We compared the individual and store-level measures both cross-sectionally and over time.
We found positive and statistically significant correlations between the availability of healthful products in stores and the reported healthfulness of individual diets in cross-sectional analyses, but correlations between changes over time in the two measures were weaker and not statistically significant. The variance of the grocery store measures was nonetheless sufficiently small that a grocery store survey of 15 stores in each of 8 communities (n = 120 surveys) had power comparable to that of a telephone survey of 200 individuals/community (n = 1,600) surveys, at a fraction of the cost.
Although the results provide further validation of cross-sectional measures of the grocery store environment, additional efforts are required to establish the validity of the grocery store survey as a method of measuring dietary change.
本文探讨店内对杂货店产品陈列进行的非侵入性调查是否可用于追踪社区层面的饮食行为。
该调查在12个西部社区分两次进行，以测量杂货店环境的两个方面：（a）低脂和高纤维产品的相对可得性，以及（b）商店提供的健康教育信息的数量。通过电话调查在相同的12个社区获取居民自我报告的饮食摄入量。我们对个体和商店层面的测量结果进行了横断面和随时间的比较。
在横断面分析中，我们发现商店中健康产品的可得性与个体饮食报告的健康程度之间存在正相关且具有统计学意义，但这两项测量随时间变化的相关性较弱且无统计学意义。然而，杂货店测量的方差足够小，以至于对8个社区中每个社区的15家商店进行的杂货店调查（n = 120次调查）的效能与对每个社区200个人进行的电话调查（n = 1,600次调查）相当，而成本仅为其一小部分。
尽管结果进一步验证了杂货店环境横断面测量的有效性，但仍需要额外努力来确立杂货店调查作为测量饮食变化方法的有效性。
