Tadesse A, Gebre-Hiwot A, Asres K, Djote M, Frommel D
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Addis Abeba University, Ethiopia.
Ethiop Med J. 1993 Jul;31(3):183-9.
Anti-leishmanial activity of chloroform and methanol extracts of Vernonia amygdalina, a plant widely used in Ethiopia for the treatment of parasitic infections, has been assessed in vitro on Leishmania aethiopica. Amastigotes were more sensitive to V. amygdalina than promastigotes. The chloroform extract had a stronger parasiticidal activity, with median effective doses (ED50) of 18.5 micrograms/ml and 13.3 micrograms/ml for promastigotes and amastigotes, than the methanol extract with ED50 of 74.4 micrograms/ml and 45.8 micrograms/ml respectively. Cytotoxicity caused by V. amygdalina to host cells, the human leukaemia monocyte THP-1 cell line, as determined by the methyl tetrazolium assay, resulted in a median lethal dose (LD50) of 19.6 micrograms/ml for the chloroform extract and 243.4 micrograms/ml for the methanol extract. In comparison, the ED50 and LD50 of pentamidine, a standard anti-leishmanial drug, were 0.5 micrograms/ml and 1.4 micrograms/ml respectively. These results indicate that V. amygdalina displays potent anti-leishmanial activities and warrants further investigation.
在埃塞俄比亚广泛用于治疗寄生虫感染的植物扁桃斑鸠菊的氯仿提取物和甲醇提取物对埃塞俄比亚利什曼原虫的抗利什曼活性已在体外进行了评估。无鞭毛体比前鞭毛体对扁桃斑鸠菊更敏感。氯仿提取物具有更强的杀寄生虫活性，前鞭毛体和无鞭毛体的半数有效剂量（ED50）分别为18.5微克/毫升和13.3微克/毫升，而甲醇提取物的ED50分别为74.4微克/毫升和45.8微克/毫升。通过甲基四氮唑试验测定，扁桃斑鸠菊对宿主细胞人白血病单核细胞THP-1细胞系的细胞毒性导致氯仿提取物的半数致死剂量（LD50）为19.6微克/毫升，甲醇提取物的LD50为243.4微克/毫升。相比之下，标准抗利什曼药物喷他脒的ED50和LD50分别为0.5微克/毫升和1.4微克/毫升。这些结果表明，扁桃斑鸠菊具有强大的抗利什曼活性，值得进一步研究。
