McIntyre J P, Keen G A
Department Clinical Virology, University of Cape Town Medical School, Observatory, South Africa.
Epidemiol Infect. 1993 Oct;111(2):357-71. doi: 10.1017/s095026880005706x.
Nine years accumulated laboratory data derived from the culture of the cerebrospinal fluid of 11,360 aseptic meningitis cases were retrospectively reviewed to establish the epidemiology of viral meningitis in Cape Town. Virus was isolated from 3406 of the cases (91% enteroviruses and 9% mumps). Five major summer viral meningitis episodes were documented: two of echovirus 4 (706 and 445 cases), echovirus 9 (223), coxsackie A9 (104) and one of unidentified enterovirus (324 cases--probably echo 9). Although coxsackie B was endemic, clusters of one or other type were dominant at any one time. Mumps was endemic. Sixty-two percent of all viral cases were < 5 years old. The median ages of 4 and 5 years in echoviruses 9 and 4 (the epidemic strains) contrasted with that of 1 year in coxsackie B (with many cases < 3 months old). Mumps peaked at 3-4 years of age. Males dominated overall, particularly in mumps.
回顾性分析了11360例无菌性脑膜炎病例脑脊液培养9年积累的实验室数据，以确定开普敦病毒性脑膜炎的流行病学情况。3406例病例分离出病毒（91%为肠道病毒，9%为腮腺炎病毒）。记录了五次主要的夏季病毒性脑膜炎流行：两次是埃可病毒4型（分别为706例和445例）、埃可病毒9型（223例）、柯萨奇A9型（104例）以及一次未鉴定肠道病毒（324例，可能是埃可病毒9型）。虽然柯萨奇B组病毒为地方性流行，但在任何时候，某一型别的聚集病例占主导。腮腺炎病毒为地方性流行。所有病毒性病例中62%年龄小于5岁。埃可病毒9型和4型（流行株）的中位年龄分别为4岁和5岁，而柯萨奇B组病毒的中位年龄为1岁（许多病例小于3个月）。腮腺炎在3 - 4岁达到高峰。总体上男性居多，腮腺炎尤其如此。
