Axon A T
Gastroenterology Unit, General Infirmary, Leeds, UK.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1993 Jul;32 Suppl A:61-8. doi: 10.1093/jac/32.suppl_a.61.
The discovery of Helicobacter pylori is arguably the most significant advance made in gastroduodenal pathology this century. It is the most important cause of chronic gastritis, and almost certainly the major aetiological factor responsible for duodenal ulcer and probably for gastric ulcer as well. Evidence is accumulating which suggests that it may play an important role in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. H. pylori is thought to be transmitted by the faecal-oral route or possibly oral-oral route, with iatrogenic transmission also reported. The prevalence of H. pylori infection increases with age, is commonest in developing countries, in certain ethnic minorities and those in lower socio-economic and educational groups. The organism can be eradicated using combinations of antibiotics; when treatment is successful inflammatory changes resolve, duodenal ulcers heal and do not subsequently recur.
幽门螺杆菌的发现可以说是本世纪胃肠病理学领域取得的最重大进展。它是慢性胃炎最重要的病因，几乎肯定是十二指肠溃疡的主要致病因素，也可能是胃溃疡的主要致病因素。越来越多的证据表明，它可能在胃癌的发病机制中发挥重要作用。幽门螺杆菌被认为通过粪-口途径传播，也可能通过口-口途径传播，也有医源性传播的报道。幽门螺杆菌感染率随年龄增长而增加，在发展中国家、某些少数民族以及社会经济和教育水平较低的人群中最为常见。使用抗生素联合治疗可以根除这种细菌；治疗成功后，炎症变化会消退，十二指肠溃疡会愈合且随后不会复发。
