Greenberg L M, Waldman I D
Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1993 Sep;34(6):1019-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01105.x.
Developmental normative data for 775 children aged 6-16 are presented for the Test of Variables of Attention (T.O.V.A.), a 23-minute fixed-interval visual Continuous Performance Test with minimal language demands and no left-right discrimination. The target is presented on 22.5% and 77.5% of the trials during the first and second halves, respectively, T.O.V.A. indices include omission and commission errors, response time means and standard deviations, and anticipatory responses. Attention and impulse control developed in a non-linear manner, changing rapidly in early childhood and leveling off during later childhood and adolescence.
本文给出了775名6至16岁儿童的注意力变量测试（T.O.V.A.）的发育常模数据。T.O.V.A.是一项23分钟的固定间隔视觉持续性操作测试，对语言要求极低，且不存在左右辨别。在前半段和后半段测试中，目标分别出现在22.5%和77.5%的试验中。T.O.V.A.指标包括遗漏错误和委托错误、反应时间均值和标准差以及预期反应。注意力和冲动控制以非线性方式发展，在幼儿期迅速变化，在儿童后期和青春期趋于平稳。
