硬化剂聚多卡醇（多卡醇右旋糖酐、克劳斯勒多卡醇）的适应证。
Indications for the sclerosing agent polidocanol (aetoxisclerol dexo, aethoxisklerol kreussler).
作者信息
Guex J J
出版信息
J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1993 Oct;19(10):959-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.1993.tb00985.x.
BACKGROUND
Polidocanol is a widely used sclerosing agent that was first developed as a local anesthetic. In France it is used in varicose veins as well as in telangiectases.
OBJECTIVE
To improve the knowledge of the effects of polidocanol and provide recommendations for better use.
METHODS
Based on 12 years of experience in treating nearly 11,000 patients with polidocanol, the author reviews his observations. A theoretical model of dilution of sclerosing agents in injected veins is provided.
RESULTS
The author observed: seven cases of minor urticaria, occurrence of grey veil when used under the air-block technique, one case of cutaneous necrosis (5 cm3), and some small epidermic necrosis (1-mm diameter) and neither shock nor severe adverse reaction.
CONCLUSION
Polidocanol is characterized by its spasmogenic action on veins, excellent local tolerance, and a very low incidence of general reactions. Low concentrations (0.3 to 0.6%) can be used for the treatment of quite large varicose veins if an adequate volume is injected.
背景
聚多卡醇是一种广泛使用的硬化剂，最初是作为局部麻醉剂开发的。在法国，它用于治疗静脉曲张和毛细血管扩张。
目的
增进对聚多卡醇作用的了解，并为更好地使用提供建议。
方法
基于12年治疗近11000例使用聚多卡醇患者的经验，作者回顾了他的观察结果。提供了硬化剂在注射静脉中稀释的理论模型。
结果
作者观察到：7例轻度荨麻疹，采用空气阻断技术使用时出现灰色面纱现象，1例皮肤坏死（5立方厘米），一些小的表皮坏死（直径1毫米），未出现休克或严重不良反应。
结论
聚多卡醇的特点是对静脉有致痉作用、局部耐受性良好且全身反应发生率极低。如果注入足够的量，低浓度（0.3%至0.6%）可用于治疗相当大的静脉曲张。
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