Mader T H, Aragones J V, Chandler A C, Hazlehurst J A, Heier J, Kingham J D, Stein E
Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington 98431.
Ophthalmology. 1993 Oct;100(10):1462-7. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(93)31455-7.
Ocular and ocular adnexal injuries, both combat-related and accidental, are common during wartime. In a combat setting, the eye is particularly vulnerable to serious injury from tiny flying particles that might minimally affect other parts of the body. The purpose of this study is to examine the incidence of serious ocular and ocular adnexal injuries that occurred during Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm.
The authors retrospectively reviewed serious ocular and ocular adnexal injuries treated by United States Army and Navy ophthalmologists that occurred during Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm. Only those injuries that resulted in, or would have resulted in, hospital admission because of the ocular or ocular adnexal injury alone are presented.
During Desert Shield, 20 patients (23 eyes) suffered serious ocular or ocular adnexal injuries compared with 160 patients (198 eyes) in Desert Storm. During Desert Storm, 78% of all serious injuries were caused by blast fragmentation from munitions. More than one third of the 98 globe lacerations reported in this article were 10 mm or less in size. Of 35 enucleations performed during Desert Storm, 94% were the result of munitions fragments.
During Operation Desert Storm, fragmentation wounds from munitions were the most common cause of ocular and ocular adnexal morbidity. The authors' findings indicate that polycarbonate ballistic protective eyewear could have prevented many of the ocular injuries that they report.
在战时，与战斗相关及意外导致的眼和眼附属器损伤很常见。在战斗环境中，眼睛特别容易受到微小飞行颗粒的严重伤害，而这些颗粒对身体其他部位可能只会产生极小影响。本研究的目的是调查在沙漠盾牌行动和沙漠风暴行动期间发生的严重眼和眼附属器损伤的发生率。
作者回顾性分析了美国陆军和海军眼科医生治疗的在沙漠盾牌行动和沙漠风暴行动期间发生的严重眼和眼附属器损伤。仅呈现那些仅因眼或眼附属器损伤而导致或本会导致住院治疗的损伤。
在沙漠盾牌行动期间，20名患者（23只眼）遭受了严重眼或眼附属器损伤，而在沙漠风暴行动中有160名患者（198只眼）。在沙漠风暴行动期间，所有严重损伤中有78%是由弹药爆炸碎片造成的。本文报告的98例眼球破裂伤中，超过三分之一的伤口大小为10毫米或更小。在沙漠风暴行动期间进行的35例眼球摘除术中，94%是弹药碎片所致。
在沙漠风暴行动期间，弹药碎片伤是眼和眼附属器发病的最常见原因。作者的研究结果表明，聚碳酸酯防弹眼镜本可预防他们报告的许多眼损伤。
