el-Khoury G Y, Whitten C G
Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City 52242.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1993 Jan;160(1):95-102. doi: 10.2214/ajr.160.1.8416656.
This review summarizes the anatomic and biomechanical features of the thoracic spine, which are different from those of the more mobile segments of the spine, and emphasizes their role in trauma. The distinguishing characteristics of the thoracic spine are the presence of the ribs and their articulations. The rib cage restricts motion and adds stiffness to the spine. During trauma, it provides the thoracic spine with additional strength and energy-absorbing capacity. Above the T10 level, most injuries produce a basic pattern consisting of an anterior fracture-dislocation involving two contiguous vertebrae, often with associated neurologic impairment. The definition of spinal instability remains controversial. CT is the imaging technique of choice for evaluation of spine fractures; however, MR imaging is superior in the evaluation of spinal cord injury and posttraumatic disk herniation. MR imaging also provides prognostic information not obtainable with other imaging methods.
本综述总结了胸椎的解剖学和生物力学特征，这些特征与脊柱其他活动度较大的节段不同，并强调了它们在创伤中的作用。胸椎的显著特征是肋骨及其关节的存在。胸廓限制了运动并增加了脊柱的刚度。在创伤期间，它为胸椎提供了额外的强度和能量吸收能力。在T10水平以上，大多数损伤产生一种基本模式，包括涉及两个相邻椎体的前方骨折脱位，常伴有相关的神经功能障碍。脊柱不稳定的定义仍存在争议。CT是评估脊柱骨折的首选成像技术；然而，磁共振成像（MR成像）在评估脊髓损伤和创伤后椎间盘突出方面更具优势。MR成像还提供了其他成像方法无法获得的预后信息。
