Ries L A
Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9903.
Cancer. 1993 Jan 15;71(2 Suppl):524-9. doi: 10.1002/cncr.2820710206.
Cancer of the ovary is a disease of older American women with an incidence rate of 9.4 per 100,000 for those under 65 compared to 54.8 per 100,000 for those 65 years of age and over.
Over 22,000 women were diagnosed with ovarian cancer between 1973 and 1987 within the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute. SEER is a population-based program that covers nearly 10% of the U.S. population for cancer incidence and survival.
Ovarian cancer survival rates vary dramatically by stage. Within stage, however, differences are noted in survival by age, with younger women surviving better than older women even after adjustment for the general life expectancy of each age group (relative survival). For Stages III-IV disease, women under 45 years of age have a 5-year relative survival rate of over 45% compared to only 8% for those 85 years of age and over. Between 1973-1977 and 1983-1987, the treatment for Stages III-IV disease has changed. For all age groups, there were sharp increases in the percentage having surgery and chemotherapy/hormonal therapy and decreases in those having surgery and radiation as part of the first course of therapy. Over 40% of women 85 years of age and over did not receive any definitive treatment according to the hospital medical record. In 1983-1987, younger women received more combination therapy (surgery with chemotherapy/hormonal therapy) versus older women who received more single modalities such as surgery only or chemotherapy/hormonal therapy only.
Older women with ovarian cancer are treated less aggressively than their younger counterparts and have poorer survival rates.
卵巢癌是美国老年女性的一种疾病，65岁以下女性的发病率为每10万人中有9.4例，而65岁及以上女性的发病率为每10万人中有54.8例。
在1973年至1987年期间，美国国家癌症研究所的监测、流行病学和最终结果（SEER）项目中，超过22000名女性被诊断患有卵巢癌。SEER是一个基于人群的项目，覆盖了近10%的美国人口的癌症发病率和生存率情况。
卵巢癌的生存率因分期不同而有很大差异。然而，在同一分期内，按年龄来看生存率也存在差异，即使在对每个年龄组的总体预期寿命进行调整（相对生存率）后，年轻女性的生存率仍高于老年女性。对于III - IV期疾病，45岁以下女性的5年相对生存率超过45%，而85岁及以上女性仅为8%。在1973 - 1977年和1983 - 1987年期间，III - IV期疾病的治疗方法发生了变化。对于所有年龄组，作为初始治疗方案一部分接受手术和化疗/激素治疗的百分比大幅增加，而接受手术和放疗的百分比则下降。根据医院病历记录，85岁及以上的女性中有超过40%未接受任何确定性治疗。在1983 - 1987年，年轻女性接受更多的联合治疗（手术加化疗/激素治疗），而老年女性接受更多单一治疗方式，如仅手术或仅化疗/激素治疗。
患有卵巢癌的老年女性比年轻女性接受的治疗力度更小，生存率也更低。
