Uijtdehaage S H, Stern R M, Koch K L
Neuropsychiatric Institute, UCLA 90024-1759.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1993 Jan;64(1):1-8.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of scopolamine on the physiological patterns occurring prior to and during motion sickness stimulation. In addition, the use of physiological profiles in the prediction of motion sickness was evaluated. Sixty subjects ingested either 0.6 mg scopolamine, 2.5 mg methscopolamine, or a placebo. Heart rate (HR), respiratory sinus arrhythmia (an index of vagal tone), and electrogastrograms were measured prior to and during the exposure to a rotating optokinetic drum. Compared to the other groups, the scopolamine group reported fewer motion sickness symptoms, and displayed lower HR, higher vagal tone, enhanced normal gastric myoelectric activity, and depressed gastric dysrhythmias before and during motion sickness induction. Distinct physiological profiles prior to drum rotation could reliably differentiate individuals who would develop gastric discomfort from those who would not. Symptom-free subjects were characterized by high levels of vagal tone and low HR across conditions, and by maintaining normal (3 cpm) electrogastrographic activity during drum rotation. It was concluded that scopolamine offered motion sickness protection by initiating a pattern of increased vagal tone and gastric myoelectric stability.
本研究的目的是考察东莨菪碱对晕动病刺激之前及期间所出现的生理模式的影响。此外，还评估了生理特征在晕动病预测中的作用。60名受试者分别摄入了0.6毫克东莨菪碱、2.5毫克甲基东莨菪碱或安慰剂。在暴露于旋转的视动鼓之前及期间，测量心率（HR）、呼吸性窦性心律失常（迷走神经张力指标）和胃电图。与其他组相比，东莨菪碱组报告的晕动病症状较少，在晕动病诱发之前及期间表现出较低的心率、较高的迷走神经张力、增强的正常胃肌电活动以及抑制的胃节律失常。在视动鼓旋转之前，不同的生理特征能够可靠地区分哪些人会出现胃部不适，哪些人不会。无症状受试者的特征是在各种情况下迷走神经张力高、心率低，并且在视动鼓旋转期间维持正常的（每分钟3次）胃电图活动。得出的结论是，东莨菪碱通过引发迷走神经张力增加和胃肌电稳定性增强的模式来提供晕动病防护。
