Kang J Y
Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore.
Dig Dis Sci. 1993 Feb;38(2):257-68. doi: 10.1007/BF01307542.
Gastrointestinal mucosal abnormalities ranging from edema to ulceration occur in two thirds of patients dying of uremia. Early studies suggested that uremic patients on maintenance dialysis treatment were at increased risk of peptic ulceration but more recent data indicate that this is not so. Other gastrointestinal problems reported for uremic subjects on maintenance dialysis treatment include bleeding from telangiectatic lesions, constipation, mucosal deposition of amyloid and acute pancreatitis. Nausea and vomiting are common in the uremic patient but gastric emptying studies have yielded conflicting results. Patients undergoing renal transplantation are at increased risk of development of esophagitis, complicated peptic ulcer, intestinal ulceration, and perforation as well as acute pancreatitis.
在死于尿毒症的患者中，三分之二会出现从水肿到溃疡的胃肠道黏膜异常。早期研究表明，接受维持性透析治疗的尿毒症患者患消化性溃疡的风险增加，但最近的数据表明并非如此。关于接受维持性透析治疗的尿毒症患者报告的其他胃肠道问题包括毛细血管扩张性病变出血、便秘、淀粉样物质黏膜沉积和急性胰腺炎。恶心和呕吐在尿毒症患者中很常见，但胃排空研究结果相互矛盾。接受肾移植的患者患食管炎、复杂性消化性溃疡、肠道溃疡和穿孔以及急性胰腺炎的风险增加。
