Bagshaw M A, Kaplan I D, Cox R C
Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, California 94305.
Cancer. 1993 Feb 1;71(3 Suppl):939-52. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19930201)71:3+<939::aid-cncr2820711409>3.0.co;2-0.
Since 1910, a variety of radiation modalities, including radioactive isotopes, photons, and particle beams, have been used to treat prostatic cancer.
This report focuses on external beam x-irradiation produced by medium energy linear accelerators. Between 1956 and 1990, 1119 patients have been treated with curative intent at Stanford University. Tumor doses of 70 Gy delivered at 10 Gy/wk have been safe and effective.
Fifteen-year survival rates ranging from 50%, equivalent to that of an age-matched cohort, for the least extensively localized tumors to 18% for the most extensive have been achieved. Survival is inversely proportional to clinical stage and histopathologic grade.
Although external beam radiation therapy has been found to be safe and effective for the treatment of prostatic cancer, improvement in results of treatment of the more advanced tumors might be achieved by combining external beam and interstitial irradiation. This would achieve a higher radiation dose within the tumor. Alternatively, the treatment can be augmented with hyperthermia or other sensitizers in order to achieve a higher biological dose.
自1910年以来，多种放射治疗方式，包括放射性同位素、光子和粒子束，已被用于治疗前列腺癌。
本报告聚焦于中能直线加速器产生的外照射X线。1956年至1990年间，斯坦福大学对1119例患者进行了根治性治疗。每周10Gy给予70Gy的肿瘤剂量已被证明是安全有效的。
对于局限性最小的肿瘤，15年生存率为50%，与年龄匹配的队列相当；对于范围最广的肿瘤，15年生存率为18%。生存率与临床分期和组织病理学分级成反比。
虽然外照射放射治疗已被证明对前列腺癌的治疗是安全有效的，但通过联合外照射和组织间照射，可能会改善更晚期肿瘤的治疗效果。这将在肿瘤内实现更高的放射剂量。或者，可以通过热疗或其他增敏剂来增强治疗，以实现更高的生物剂量。
