Hammond D C, Brooksher R D, Mann R J, Beernink J H
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Grand Rapids Area Medical Education Center, Mich.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 1993 Feb;91(2):316-21. doi: 10.1097/00006534-199302000-00017.
Several authors have postulated that the standard McFarlane-type dorsal rat flap model can survive as a graft. Therefore, in an effort to better understand the metabolic support governing the survival of this flap, five flap designs on the dorsal surface of the rat were studied. Each was manipulated to control progressively for the metabolic support to the flap by means of skin-graft and/or skin-flap physiology. The flap designs included (1) a standard McFarlane flap (n = 10), (2) a full-thickness "flap" graft (n = 10), (3) a McFarlane flap separated from the bed with plastic sheeting (n = 9), (4) a McFarlane flap separated from the bed by closing the wound beneath the flap (n = 29), and (5) flaps raised as in group 4 after a 2-week delay procedure (n = 9). Based on direct comparisons of both the pattern of necrosis and the surviving surface area in each group, we conclude that (1) the distal aspect of the dorsal rat flap can survive as a graft when in contact with the underlying bed, (2) the "take" of the flap as a graft is variable, and (3) to serve as a reasonable indicator of human flap behavior, the skin-graft effect must be controlled for by separating the flap from the underlying bed.
几位作者推测，标准的麦克法兰型大鼠背部皮瓣模型可作为移植物存活。因此，为了更好地理解控制该皮瓣存活的代谢支持机制，对大鼠背部的五种皮瓣设计进行了研究。每种设计都通过皮肤移植和/或皮瓣生理学方法进行操作，逐步控制对皮瓣的代谢支持。皮瓣设计包括：（1）标准麦克法兰皮瓣（n = 10），（2）全厚“皮瓣”移植物（n = 10），（3）用塑料薄膜将麦克法兰皮瓣与皮床分离（n = 9），（4）通过闭合皮瓣下方的伤口将麦克法兰皮瓣与皮床分离（n = 29），以及（5）在延迟2周后按第4组方法掀起皮瓣（n = 9）。基于对每组坏死模式和存活表面积的直接比较，我们得出以下结论：（1）当大鼠背部皮瓣的远端与下方皮床接触时，可作为移植物存活；（2）皮瓣作为移植物的“存活情况”存在差异；（3）为了合理指示人体皮瓣的情况，必须通过将皮瓣与下方皮床分离来控制皮肤移植的影响。
