Patients' and physicians' interpretations of graphic data displays.

To assess how patients' and physicians' treatment preferences are influenced by graphic data displays (five-year survival curves), a cross-sectional survey of patients, physicians, and medical students was done in a university-based Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Participants in the study were 119 patients seen in a general medicine clinic, 43 physicians, and 67 medical students. Three five-year survival graphs were used. Each graph contained survival curves for two alternative unidentified treatments for an unidentified medical condition. Graph 1 was a baseline graph used in previous studies of framing effects. Graph 2 contained one survival curve having an area under the curve that was 24% greater than that in graph 1. Graph 3 contained one survival curve that had an area under the curve that was 42% greater than that in graph 1. Respondents were asked to indicate which treatment they preferred for each graph and which aspects of the five-year survival curves most influenced their choices. Respondents did not receive numerical data about the difference between the areas under the two curves. Most patients did not change their preferences across the three graphs. A significantly larger (p < or = 0.0001) proportion of physicians and medical students than of patients changed their preferences across the three graphs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)