Zeiler H C
RWTUV, Medizinisches Psychologisches Institut, Untersuchungs- und Beratungsstelle Münster.
Blutalkohol. 1993 Jan;30(1):30-42.
From 1980 to 1990 the number of female drunken drivers increases significantly from 5.33% to 7.87% in Germany. Women between 25 and 55 years old are overrepresented, especially the 35-45 aged. The number of women, who had been sentenced for the first time because of drunken driving significantly decreases from 12.75% in 1985 to 9.07% in 1990 within the total subpopulation of those who were medical-psychologically examined in Münster. The blood-alcohol-concentrations (BACs) of the women examined in Münster were analyzed. There were no differences in the average BACs and in the variance. In every year the examined women were part of the same population of people with similar problems. The average BACs are 2.04/1000 (1980), 2.2/1000 (1985) and 2.01/1000 (1990). The analysis of the results of the medical-psychological examinations shows no significant difference between men and women in 1990. In 1980, 1985 and 1990 there was no increase in negative judgements because of medical reasons, in 1980 only one woman was suggested to participate in a driver-improvement-course and in 1985 significantly less women were rejected because of psychological reasons. This was caused by a significant increase in positive judgements in the subgroup of those women, who had more than one drunken driving offence or other incidents. The results show, that those women examined in Münster belong to the group of people who drink alcohol in an excessive an abnormal way. The equal treatment of women and men by the examining psychologists can be regarded as justified. In respect to the different conditional structure responsible for abnormal drinking of women in comparison to men it is necessary to examine women and men in different ways.
1980年至1990年期间，德国女性醉酒驾车者的比例从5.33%显著上升至7.87%。25岁至55岁的女性占比过高，尤其是35岁至45岁年龄段的女性。在明斯特接受医学心理检查的人群中，首次因醉酒驾车被判刑的女性人数从1985年的12.75%大幅降至1990年的9.07%。对在明斯特接受检查的女性的血液酒精浓度（BAC）进行了分析。平均BAC和方差均无差异。每年接受检查的女性都来自同一类存在类似问题的人群。平均BAC分别为2.04/1000（1980年）、2.2/1000（1985年）和2.01/1000（1990年）。医学心理检查结果分析表明，1990年男性和女性之间没有显著差异。在1980年、1985年和1990年，因医学原因做出的负面判断没有增加，1980年只有一名女性被建议参加驾驶员改进课程，1985年因心理原因被拒绝的女性明显减少。这是由于在有多次醉酒驾车犯罪或其他事故的女性亚组中，正面判断显著增加所致。结果表明，在明斯特接受检查的这些女性属于过度且异常饮酒的人群。检查心理学家对女性和男性一视同仁可被视为合理。鉴于女性与男性异常饮酒的条件结构不同，有必要对女性和男性进行不同方式的检查。
